Over the past decade or more, watchdogs of corporate activity, governments, business leaders and non-governmental organizations have all struggled with how best to deal with human rights abuses caused by business activities. One response has been the Corporate and Social Responsibility (CSR) movement. A plethora of CSR actors now exist: with a wide array of codes of conduct, multi-stakeholder initiatives, and labelling schemes. And although the CSR movement has made many positive contributions, it is now at a turning point.

The death of Pan Jie, a 25-year-old auditor at the Shanghai branch of PricewaterhouseCoopers, last month ignited a vociferous debate in the Chinese media on the work pressures felt by young urban professionals.

The Guangzhou authorities plan, within the next three years, to establish new regional trade unions that would cover nearly all workers in the city's automotive and several other industrial sectors, the official media reported on 15 April.

A new trade union, established to protect the rights of migrant workers in Tianjin’s Nankai district, has negotiated a collective pay deal with a labour supply company that would give the district’s cleaners an across-the-board pay rise.

At least six Chinese cities and provinces have, in the last few weeks, revealed plans to promote and develop collective wage negotiations in local enterprises this year.

The Shenzhen municipal trade union plans to negotiate and sign collective wage agreements at 550 enterprises this year, part of a five year plan to “reduce wage inequality and allow the city’s millions of migrant workers to share in the benefits of economic development,” the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone News reported. A national trade union conference on the development of collective wage negotiations, held in Shenzhen on 18 March, stipulated that the city should aim to conclude a total of 1,000 collective agreements within the next five years.

Workers at the Nanhai Honda automotive components plant in Foshan, who won a 500 yuan per month pay increase after going out on strike last year, have gained an additional 611 yuan a month increase this year through peaceful collective bargaining.

At the end of a year of rising wages and spiralling raw material costs, it was not the kind of festive surprise Hong Kong businessmen with factories in southern China would have wanted.

Xu Yaqing, a migrant worker at a garment factory in Shenzhen, would ask her boss to offer entertainment, leisure trips, parties, a pay rise every year and more annual leave - if she was able to speak up. However, the 21-year-old Wuhan native left her wish-list under wraps after factory owners' outcries prompted the Guangdong provincial government to put on hold indefinitely last month a proposal empowering workers to collectively negotiate and fix wages and benefits with bosses.

At the height of the groundbreaking strike at the Honda transmission plant in Foshan in May this year, Han Dongfang talked to one of the strikers about the workers' demands, the reaction of management, and the antagonistic role of the trade union in the dispute.